Fundamentals of Agronomy-3

By Skumar

 

Fundamentals of Agronomy-3

AGRONOMY MCQ TEST SERIES 

(Plant Nutrition, Manures, INM & Green Manuring)

🔹 A. Criteria of Essentiality & Functional Elements

1. A nutrient is considered essential if:
A. It improves yield
B. It is required for plant growth
C. Its absence prevents completion of life cycle
D. All
✅ Answer: D
📝 Explanation: All three criteria (Arnon & Stout) must be satisfied.

2. Criteria of essentiality were proposed by:
A. Liebig
B. Mitscherlich
C. Arnon and Stout
D. Blackman
✅ Answer: C

3. Functional elements are those which:
A. Are always essential
B. Replace essential elements
C. Improve growth but not essential
D. Are toxic
✅ Answer: C

4. Sodium is a functional element for:
A. Rice
B. Sugar beet
C. Wheat
D. Cotton
✅ Answer: B

5. Silicon is beneficial mainly for:
A. Pulses
B. Rice
C. Oilseeds
D. Vegetables
✅ Answer: B

🔹 B. Classification of Essential Nutrients

6. Total number of essential plant nutrients is:
A. 14
B. 16
C. 17
D. 18
✅ Answer: C

7. Macronutrients are required in:
A. Trace amount
B. Small amount
C. Large amount
D. Toxic amount
✅ Answer: C

8. Primary nutrients include:
A. N, P, K
B. Ca, Mg, S
C. Fe, Mn, Zn
D. C, H, O
✅ Answer: A

9. Secondary nutrients are:
A. N, P, K
B. Ca, Mg, S
C. Fe, Cu, Zn
D. Mo, B, Cl
✅ Answer: B

10. Micronutrients include:
A. N, P, K
B. Ca, Mg, S
C. Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo, Cl
D. C, H, O
✅ Answer: C

🔹 C. Role of Macro & Micro Nutrients

11. Nitrogen is essential for:
A. Chlorophyll formation
B. Protein synthesis
C. Vegetative growth
D. All
✅ Answer: D

12. Phosphorus is involved in:
A. Energy transfer
B. Root development
C. Early maturity
D. All
✅ Answer: D

13. Potassium helps in:
A. Enzyme activation
B. Water regulation
C. Disease resistance
D. All
✅ Answer: D

14. Calcium is important for:
A. Cell wall formation
B. Root growth
C. Membrane stability
D. All
✅ Answer: D

15. Magnesium is a component of:
A. Protein
B. Chlorophyll
C. DNA
D. Enzyme
✅ Answer: B

16. Iron is required for:
A. Chlorophyll synthesis
B. Photosynthesis
C. Enzyme activity
D. All
✅ Answer: D

17. Zinc deficiency in rice causes:
A. Whiptail
B. Khaira disease
C. Dieback
D. Rosetting
✅ Answer: B

18. Boron is essential for:
A. Pollen germination
B. Cell division
C. Sugar transport
D. All
✅ Answer: D

19. Molybdenum is essential for:
A. Nitrate reduction
B. Nitrogen fixation
C. Protein synthesis
D. All
✅ Answer: D

20. Chlorine is involved in:
A. Osmotic regulation
B. Photosynthesis
C. Enzyme activation
D. All
✅ Answer: D

🔹 D. Nutrient Absorption by Plants

21. Nutrient uptake occurs mainly through:
A. Stem
B. Leaves
C. Roots
D. Flowers
✅ Answer: C

22. Passive absorption occurs through:
A. Metabolic energy
B. Diffusion and mass flow
C. Active transport
D. ATP only
✅ Answer: B

23. Active absorption requires:
A. No energy
B. ATP
C. Gravity
D. Osmosis
✅ Answer: B

24. Mass flow is driven by:
A. Diffusion gradient
B. Transpiration stream
C. Root pressure
D. Enzymes
✅ Answer: B

25. Nutrients absorbed in ionic form include:
A. N, P, K
B. NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, K⁺
C. Proteins
D. Enzymes
✅ Answer: B

26. Nitrogen is absorbed as:
A. NH₄⁺ only
B. NO₃⁻ only
C. Both NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻
D. N₂
✅ Answer: C

27. Phosphorus is absorbed as:
A. PO₄³⁻
B. H₂PO₄⁻ / HPO₄²⁻
C. P₂O₅
D. Elemental P
✅ Answer: B

28. Potassium is absorbed as:
A. K₂O
B. KCl
C. K⁺
D. KH₂PO₄
✅ Answer: C

29. Combined form nutrients include:
A. Proteins
B. Enzymes
C. Ionic forms
D. All
✅ Answer: D

30. Uncombined form nutrients include:
A. CO₂ and O₂
B. Proteins
C. Enzymes
D. Starch
✅ Answer: A

🔹 E. Manures and Fertilizers

31. Manures are:
A. Inorganic sources
B. Organic sources of nutrients
C. Chemical salts
D. Biofertilizers
✅ Answer: B

32. Fertilizers are:
A. Organic substances
B. Inorganic nutrient sources
C. Biofertilizers
D. Green manures
✅ Answer: B

33. Farm Yard Manure (FYM) contains:
A. High nutrients
B. Low nutrients but improves soil
C. Only nitrogen
D. Only phosphorus
✅ Answer: B

34. Compost is prepared by:
A. Anaerobic process only
B. Aerobic decomposition
C. Chemical reaction
D. Heating
✅ Answer: B

35. Vermicompost is produced using:
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Earthworms
D. Algae
✅ Answer: C

36. Fertilizers provide nutrients:
A. Slowly
B. In small quantity
C. Quickly and readily available
D. Indirectly
✅ Answer: C

37. Continuous fertilizer use without organics causes:
A. Improved soil health
B. Soil degradation
C. Increased organic carbon
D. Better structure
✅ Answer: B

🔹 F. Biofertilizers & Nutrient Use Efficiency

38. Biofertilizers are:
A. Chemical fertilizers
B. Living microorganisms
C. Organic manures
D. Plant residues
✅ Answer: B

39. Rhizobium fixes nitrogen in:
A. Rice
B. Wheat
C. Legumes
D. Maize
✅ Answer: C

40. Azotobacter is suitable for:
A. Legumes
B. Non-legumes
C. Rice only
D. Pulses only
✅ Answer: B

41. Blue Green Algae are used in:
A. Wheat
B. Maize
C. Paddy
D. Pulses
✅ Answer: C

42. Nutrient use efficiency means:
A. Nutrient loss
B. Nutrient uptake
C. Yield per unit nutrient applied
D. Total fertilizer applied
✅ Answer: C

43. NUE is improved by:
A. Balanced fertilization
B. Proper timing
C. Proper placement
D. All
✅ Answer: D

🔹 G. Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)

44. INM means:
A. Use of fertilizers only
B. Use of manures only
C. Combined use of organic, inorganic and biofertilizers
D. Use of pesticides
✅ Answer: C

45. Main objective of INM is:
A. Increase fertilizer use
B. Sustain soil fertility
C. Reduce yield
D. Increase cost
✅ Answer: B

46. INM helps in:
A. Improving soil health
B. Sustaining yield
C. Reducing pollution
D. All
✅ Answer: D

47. Advantage of INM is:
A. Nutrient balance
B. Better NUE
C. Long-term sustainability
D. All
✅ Answer: D

🔹 H. Green Manuring

48. Green manuring refers to:
A. Applying compost
B. Growing and incorporating green crops
C. Fertilizer application
D. Mulching
✅ Answer: B

49. Common green manure crop is:
A. Wheat
B. Dhaincha
C. Rice
D. Maize
✅ Answer: B

50. Green manures mainly add:
A. Nitrogen
B. Organic matter
C. Both A and B
D. Phosphorus only
✅ Answer: C

51. Objectives of green manuring include:
A. Soil fertility improvement
B. Organic matter addition
C. Soil structure improvement
D. All
✅ Answer: D

52. In-situ green manuring means:
A. Crop grown and buried in same field
B. Crop brought from outside
C. Compost application
D. FYM application
✅ Answer: A

53. Green leaf manuring uses:
A. Crop residues
B. Tree leaves
C. Straw
D. Roots
✅ Answer: B

54. Desirable green manure crop should:
A. Grow fast
B. Produce more biomass
C. Fix nitrogen
D. All
✅ Answer: D

55. Green manuring improves:
A. Soil physical properties
B. Soil chemical properties
C. Soil biological activity
D. All
✅ Answer: D

56. Limitation of green manuring is:
A. Requires time
B. Requires water
C. Competes with main crop
D. All
✅ Answer: D

57. Green manuring is most suitable in:
A. Rainfed areas
B. Irrigated areas
C. Desert areas
D. Hilly areas
✅ Answer: B

58. Green manure crops belong mainly to:
A. Grasses
B. Legumes
C. Cereals
D. Oilseeds
✅ Answer: B

59. Incorporation time of green manure is:
A. At flowering stage
B. At maturity
C. After harvest
D. At seedling stage
✅ Answer: A

60. Green manuring increases availability of:
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Micronutrients
D. All
✅ Answer: D

🔹 Final Exam-Oriented MCQs

61. Balanced nutrition refers to:
A. Excess fertilizer
B. Supply of all nutrients in required amount
C. Only NPK
D. Only organics
✅ Answer: B

62. Hidden hunger refers to:
A. Severe deficiency
B. Nutrient deficiency without visible symptoms
C. Toxicity
D. Starvation
✅ Answer: B

63. Integrated nutrient management improves:
A. Yield
B. Soil health
C. Sustainability
D. All
✅ Answer: D

64. Biofertilizers mainly improve:
A. Soil biology
B. Soil physics
C. Soil texture
D. Soil colour
✅ Answer: A

65. Organic manures improve:
A. Water holding capacity
B. Soil aggregation
C. Microbial activity
D. All
✅ Answer: D

66. Fertilizer efficiency is lowest when:
A. Applied at right time
B. Applied in excess
C. Properly placed
D. Balanced
✅ Answer: B

67. Integrated use of nutrients reduces:
A. Cost
B. Environmental pollution
C. Nutrient losses
D. All
✅ Answer: D

68. Which is NOT a green manure crop?
A. Sunhemp
B. Dhaincha
C. Cowpea
D. Wheat
✅ Answer: D

69. Main role of organic manures is to:
A. Supply nutrients only
B. Improve soil health
C. Increase weeds
D. Reduce yield
✅ Answer: B

70. Sustainable crop production is achieved through:
A. Excess fertilizers
B. INM
C. Chemical farming only
D. Mono-nutrition
✅ Answer: B


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